The Application of end mills in the Processing of Textile Machinery parts

End mills are mainly used in the processing of textile machinery parts for complex contour processing, slot hole processing and high-precision surface treatment. The following is a specific analysis:

Tool selection

Material selection: Common materials for textile machinery parts include aluminum alloy, stainless steel, cast iron, etc. The aluminum alloy material can choose high-speed steel end mills, and its heat resistance can meet the general cutting requirements. For materials with high hardness such as stainless steel and cast iron, it is recommended to use carbide end mills to enhance wear resistance and cutting efficiency.

Tool type selection: According to the processing characteristics, flat-bottom end mills are recommended for planar processing, which can efficiently complete planar milling. Surface processing is applicable to ball-end end mills, which can achieve precise processing of three-dimensional surfaces. For the processing of keyways or grooves in textile machinery, keyway end mills should be selected to ensure the dimensional accuracy of the groove shape.

Cutting parameter optimization

Spindle speed setting: For aluminum alloy processing, the speed can be set at 150-3500 r/min (adjusted according to the tool diameter), while for stainless steel or cast iron processing, the speed needs to be reduced to 50-100 m/min (converted to rpm, which should be combined with the tool diameter). By adjusting the speed, the tool life and processing efficiency can be balanced.

Feed rate control: For aluminum alloy processing, the feed rate is recommended to be 0.1-0.2mm per tooth. For stainless steel or cast iron processing, it should be controlled at 0.05-0.1mm per tooth. The specific parameters need to be adjusted in combination with the tool diameter and workpiece hardness.

Cutting depth management: In the rough machining stage, the single cutting depth is recommended not to exceed 50% of the tool diameter. In the finish machining stage, it should be controlled within the margin range of 0.05-0.1mm. Dimensional accuracy is guaranteed through a layer-by-layer processing strategy.

Processing strategy and process optimization

Vibration suppression technology: If tool vibration occurs during the processing, the cutting speed and feed rate can be appropriately reduced (the reduction is recommended to be within 40%). If the vibration persists, the cutting depth needs to be reduced, and if necessary, a tool overhang support device should be added.

Cooling and lubrication scheme: For aluminum alloy processing, compressed air cooling is recommended. For stainless steel or cast iron processing, extreme pressure cutting fluid should be used to lower the cutting temperature, reduce tool wear, and improve chip discharge.

Improvement of the clamping system: For large-diameter end mills, tool holders with flattened notches and side locking methods can be adopted. Regularly check the wear of the tool holders to ensure the rigidity of the clamping system.

Key points of special process treatment

Thin-walled parts processing: In textile machinery, there are some thin-walled parts that require a parameter combination of small cutting depth, high speed, and low feed rate, combined with vacuum adsorption clamping method, to reduce the cutting force and avoid workpiece deformation.

Surface finishing: Use a ball-end end mill in combination with contour line processing paths. Achieve a mirror-like effect by controlling the residual height (recommended ≤0.01mm). After processing, polishing treatment is required to eliminate tool marks.

Large allowance removal: For large parts in textile machinery, end mills with larger diameters and shorter lengths should be selected. During heavy cutting, tool vibration or tool skew should be avoided, and at least the vibration and skew should be limited to the minimum extent.