Analysis of the Cutting Performance of End Mills in the Processing of Fishing Gear Parts

The cutting performance analysis of end mills in the processing of fishing gear parts can be carried out from three dimensions: tool selection, parameter optimization, and process adaptability. The following is a specific analysis:

First, the influence of tool selection on cutting performance

Material compatibility

Fishing gear parts are mostly made of aluminum alloy, stainless steel or carbon fiber composite materials. Hard alloy end mills have become the mainstream choice due to their high hardness and wear resistance. Especially when processing stainless steel, their ability to resist chipping is significantly better than that of high-speed steel tools. For carbon fiber composites, diamond-coated end mills can reduce delamination defects and improve surface quality.

Geometric parameter optimization

Rake Angle: When processing aluminum alloys, a rake Angle of 12°-15° can reduce the cutting force. When processing stainless steel, a rake Angle of 5°-8° can enhance the strength of the cutting tool.

Helix Angle: A 30° helix Angle can balance the chip removal performance and the rigidity of the tool, reducing vibration.

Number of cutting edges: Two-edge end mills are used during rough machining to enhance chip holding capacity. When performing fine machining, 4-edge or 6-edge tools should be selected to enhance the surface finish.

Second, the influence of cutting parameters on processing efficiency and quality

Cutting speed and feed rate

Aluminum alloy: The cutting speed can reach 150-200m/min, and the feed rate is 0.1-0.2mm per tooth, achieving efficient processing.

Stainless steel: The cutting speed should be reduced to 30-50m/min, and the feed rate should be 0.05-0.1mm per tooth to control the cutting heat.

Carbon fiber composite materials: Cutting speed 80-120m/min, combined with extreme pressure cutting fluid, to reduce delamination and burrs.

Cutting depth and width

The axial cutting depth (ap) is usually 50%-70% of the tool diameter, and the radial cutting depth (ae) is 30%-50% of the tool diameter, ensuring the stability of the processing.

Third, the improvement of cutting performance due to process adaptability

Hierarchical processing strategy

For deep grooves or complex surfaces in fishing gear parts, a layer-by-layer processing method is adopted, with each cutting depth controlled within 0.5-2mm to reduce tool load and improve dimensional accuracy.

Tool path optimization

By using the row cutting method or the ring cutting method, the idle travel can be reduced and the processing efficiency can be improved.

For the curved or rounded corners of fishing gear parts, a ball-end end mill is used for smooth processing to ensure a natural transition.

Cooling and Lubrication

When processing aluminum alloys, compressed air is used for cooling to prevent oxidation caused by residual cutting fluid.

When processing stainless steel and carbon fiber composite materials, extreme pressure cutting fluid is used to reduce the cutting temperature and friction coefficient.